Luke 20

Luke 20:1-2

¹On one of those days, as he was teaching the people in the temple and preaching the Good News, the priests and scribes came to him with the elders. ²They asked him, “Tell us: by what authority do you do these things? Or who is giving you this authority?”

On one of those days, as he was teaching the people in the temple and preaching the Good News, the priests and scribes came to him with the elders.

Luke 20:3-4

³He answered them, “I also will ask you one question. Tell me: ⁴the baptism of John, was it from heaven, or from men?”

Jesus asks whether John’s baptism was from heaven or from men.

Luke 20:5-7

⁵They reasoned with themselves, saying, “If we say, ‘From heaven,’ he will say, ‘Why didn’t you believe him?’ ⁶But if we say, ‘From men,’ all the people will stone us, for they are persuaded that John was a prophet.” ⁷They answered that they didn’t know where it was from.

Leaders refuse to answer about John, trapped between the people and their unbelief.

Luke 20:8

⁸Jesus said to them, “Neither will I tell you by what authority I do these things.”

Jesus declines to tell them by what authority He acts, since they will not answer about John.

Luke 20:9-13

⁹He began to tell the people this parable: “A man planted a vineyard and rented it out to some farmers, and went into another country for a long time. ¹⁰At the proper season, he sent a servant to the farmers to collect his share of the fruit of the vineyard. But the farmers beat him and sent him away empty. ¹¹He sent yet another servant, and they also beat him and treated him shamefully, and sent him away empty. ¹²He sent yet a third, and they also wounded him and threw him out. ¹³The lord of the vineyard said, ‘What shall I do? I will send my beloved son. It may be that seeing him, they will respect him.’

A vineyard owner sends servants and finally his beloved son to tenants who mistreat them.

Luke 20:14-16

¹⁴“But when the farmers saw him, they reasoned among themselves, saying, ‘This is the heir. Come, let’s kill him, that the inheritance may be ours.’ ¹⁵Then they threw him out of the vineyard and killed him. What therefore will the lord of the vineyard do to them? ¹⁶He will come and destroy these farmers, and will give the vineyard to others.” When they heard that, they said, “May that never be!”

Tenants kill the heir; the owner will destroy them and give the vineyard to others—hearers recoil at the verdict.

Luke 20:17-18

¹⁷But he looked at them and said, “Then what is this that is written, ‘The stone which the builders rejected was made the chief cornerstone’? ¹⁸Everyone who falls on that stone will be broken to pieces, but it will crush whomever it falls on to dust.”

Jesus cites the rejected stone become cornerstone; falling on it or having it fall means ruin.

Luke 20:19-22

¹⁹The chief priests and the scribes sought to lay hands on him that very hour, but they feared the people—for they knew he had spoken this parable against them. ²⁰They watched him and sent out spies, who pretended to be righteous, that they might trap him in something he said, so as to deliver him up to the power and authority of the governor. ²¹They asked him, “Teacher, we know that you say and teach what is right, and aren’t partial to anyone, but truly teach the way of God. ²²Is it lawful for us to pay taxes to Caesar, or not?”

Leaders seek to seize Him and send spies asking whether it is lawful to pay tribute to Caesar.

Luke 20:23-24

²³But he perceived their craftiness, and said to them, “Why do you test me? ²⁴Show me a denarius. Whose image and inscription are on it?” They answered, “Caesar’s.”

Jesus perceives their craftiness and asks whose image is on the denarius.

Luke 20:25

²⁵He said to them, “Then give to Caesar the things that are Caesar’s, and to God the things that are God’s.”

Render to Caesar the things that are Caesar’s, and to God the things that are God’s.

Luke 20:26-33

²⁶They weren’t able to trap him in his words before the people. They marveled at his answer and were silent. ²⁷Some of the Sadducees came to him, those who deny that there is a resurrection. ²⁸They asked him, “Teacher, Moses wrote to us that if a man’s brother dies having a wife, and he is childless, his brother should take the wife and raise up children for his brother. ²⁹There were therefore seven brothers. The first took a wife, and died childless. ³⁰The second took her as wife, and he died childless. ³¹The third took her, and likewise the seven all left no children, and died. ³²Afterward the woman also died. ³³Therefore in the resurrection whose wife of them will she be? For the seven had her as a wife.”

They weren’t able to trap him in his words before the people.

Luke 20:34-38

³⁴Jesus said to them, “The children of this age marry and are given in marriage. ³⁵But those who are considered worthy to attain to that age and the resurrection from the dead neither marry nor are given in marriage. ³⁶For they can’t die any more, for they are like the angels and are children of God, being children of the resurrection. ³⁷But that the dead are raised, even Moses showed at the bush, when he called the Lord ‘The God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob.’ ³⁸Now he is not the God of the dead, but of the living, for all are alive to him.”

Jesus teaches that resurrection life differs from this age; God is God of the living—Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob.

Luke 20:39-40

³⁹Some of the scribes answered, “Teacher, you speak well.” ⁴⁰They didn’t dare to ask him any more questions.

Some scribes commend Him; they no longer dare to ask Him questions.

Luke 20:41-43

⁴¹He said to them, “Why do they say that the Christ is David’s son? ⁴²David himself says in the book of Psalms, ‘The Lord said to my Lord, “Sit at my right hand, ⁴³until I make your enemies the footstool of your feet.”’

Jesus asks how the Christ can be David’s son when David calls Him Lord.

Luke 20:44

⁴⁴“David therefore calls him Lord, so how is he his son?”

If David calls Him Lord, how is He his son?—pointing to Messiah’s greater identity.

Luke 20:45-47

⁴⁵In the hearing of all the people, he said to his disciples, ⁴⁶“Beware of those scribes who like to walk in long robes, and love greetings in the marketplaces, the best seats in the synagogues, and the best places at feasts; ⁴⁷who devour widows’ houses, and for a pretense make long prayers. These will receive greater condemnation.”

Jesus warns against scribes who seek honor yet devour widows’ houses; they will receive greater condemnation.

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